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Master of Integrated Building Systems I and II

Using the HIL building as a case study, students will explore how comfort, climate, and energy consumption interact, and develop alternative solutions for the buildings of tomorrow.

Heatmap of floor temperature

This two-semester course teaches how buildings function, how they influence human well-being, and how they can contribute to the responsible use of resources. Using the HIL building at ETH Zurich as a case study, students examine topics such as air quality, daylight, heat, cooling, and energy supply.

The course is structured into four seasonal assignments, each focusing on a key aspect of the building:

  • In autumn, students explore natural ventilation and simple heat gains.
  • In winter, the focus shifts to heating systems, ventilation, and solar-generated heat.
  • In spring, the course examines the use of daylight, shading, and electricity generation.
  • Finally, in summer, students develop strategies for keeping spaces cool and storing energy over longer periods.

Each assignment follows a clear sequence: first, the existing building is analyzed from the perspective of users, comfort, and local conditions. Afterwards, students develop possible solutions, build models, and test their impact.

The course combines building forensics – meaning the measurement and evaluation of real data – with systems thinking across different scales, from the urban context down to individual building components. The insights gained lead to concrete design proposals, ranging from immediately implementable measures to visionary concepts that challenge existing standards.

Reflection: Towards integrated, demand-driven and human-centered approaches

Taken together, the Fall and Winter 2025/26 investigations reveal that retrofit strategies have to be conceived not as isolated technical upgrades but as coordinated packages of envelope improvements, system reconfiguration, decentralized components, and adaptive controls. A defining characteristic of the proposed interventions is their emphasis on modularity, scalability, and minimal invasiveness. Given the operational and architectural constraints of the HIL building, solutions are designed to be implemented incrementally, allowing for phased deployment, selective prioritization, and continuous optimization. This reflects an understanding of retrofit as an ongoing process rather than a one-time intervention.

Equally important is the strong orientation toward human-centered performance. By foregrounding airflow perception, radiant comfort, and spatial variability, the studies move beyond purely normative definitions of comfort and engage with the lived experience of building users. This approach supports more nuanced design decisions and strengthens the link between technical optimization and social acceptance. Finally, the reflections exhibit a high degree of awareness of competing objectives. Energy efficiency, carbon reduction, comfort, daylight availability, architectural integrity, and operational robustness are treated as interdependent and sometimes conflicting goals. Rather than seeking universal solutions, the student works embrace context-specific compromises informed by measurement, modeling, and stakeholder needs.

Recommendations

  • Adopt multi-dimensional performance metrics instead of relying on single indicators.
  • Use hybrid and layered ventilation concepts instead of single-technology solutions.
  • Integrate user behavior into ventilation and comfort strategies.
  • Think about heating demand.
  • Not only air temperatures but also surface temperatures.
  • Transition toward low-temperature heating systems compatible with renewable sources.
  • Evaluate retrofit options using life-cycle and embodied-carbon perspectives.
  • Use low-impact complementary measures where appropriate.
  • Treat retrofit design as a balance of climatic, spatial, and experiential qualities.

Credits

  • Professorship
  • Teaching team
    • Illias Hischier, Lina Hassoun, Dong Kim, Lars Grobe, Arno Schlueter
  • Students
    • Jianxun Chen, Louis Froidevaux, Klea Hoxhallari, Chenjie Hu, Meta Hunold, Saibo Jin, Manuel Kälin, Leo Kieffer, Malik Künzli, Zhishuang Liu, Xiongwei Luo, Zaira Malpica Delgado, Alessia Martino, Fadhilah Putri, Qiara Schuermans, Xiaomin Tian